Conscience is a person's ability to evaluate their own actions, intentions, and thoughts from the perspective of good and evil and to experience this evaluation as internal discomfort or peace.
In English, this word is conscience, in Russian - совесть. Both words are structured similarly: "knowledge together" (con-scientia, со-весть). One can know together with oneself or with another person - hence the feeling that someone inside sees everything.
Conscience is not equal to shame: shame fears another's gaze, conscience works even where no one is looking. It is also not equal to law: one can not break the law and still suffer from pangs of conscience.
Polarities
Conscience ↔ Shame: who judges — concept «Совесть (conscience)»
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